inconel725 cov khoom xyaw|kev ua yeeb yam|tawm los|tensile zog
Inconel725 (UNS N07725) Alloy725 npib tsib xee-raws li kub kub alloy
Taw qhia:
Inconel 725 alloy yog nickel-chromium-molybdenum-niobium alloy nrog zoo corrosion kuj. Tom qab kev laus kev kho cua sov, nws tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau zoo heev thiab txhim kho cov ductility thiab tensile lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Cov hlau tseem muaj zog tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab corrosion.
chemical muaj pes tsawg leeg:
C(%): Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.03
Si(%): Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.20
Mn(%): Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.35
Cr(%):19.0-22.
Ni(%):55.0-590
Mo(%):7.00-9.50
Co(%):-
W(%):-
Al(%): Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.35
Cu(%):-
Ti(%):1.0-1.7
Fe (%): sib npaug
Lwm tus (%): Nb/Ta 2.75-4.
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus txhua yam khoom ntawm cov alloy ntawm chav tsev kub yog:
Alloy state daws kev kho mob
Tensile zog 568 Rm N / mm2
Yield zog 313 Rp0.2 N/mm2
Elongation 35 A5%
Brinell hardness 35 HB
Lub cev muaj zog:
Qhov ceev 8.2 g / cm3
Melting point 1260-1340 degree .
Alloys muaj cov khoom nram qab no:
Cov hlau no yog nickel-chromium-molybdenum-niobium alloy nrog zoo corrosion kuj. Tom qab kev laus kev kho cua sov, nws tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau zoo heev thiab txhim kho cov ductility thiab tensile lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Cov hlau tseem muaj zog tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab corrosion.
Daim ntawv thov teb ntawm Inconel 725:
Siv rau cov yeeb nkab fittings, pob qij txha thiab bearings hauv cov khoom siv acid-resistant. Nws kuj yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv nkoj nkoj hiav txwv.
Taw qhia txog txheej txheem ironmaking
Cov txheej txheem ua hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txo cov hlau los ntawm nws daim ntawv ntuj - cov hlau uas muaj cov khoom sib txuas xws li ores. Cov txheej txheem ua hlau feem ntau suav nrog blast furnace method, ncaj qha txo txoj kev, smelting txo txoj kev, thiab lwm yam. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tias cov ore tau txo cov hlau npua los ntawm kev siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb (txo cov tshuaj CO, H2, C; haum kub. , thiab lwm yam). Tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm npua hlau siv hauv casting, feem ntau nws yog siv los ua raw khoom rau steelmaking.
1. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus smelting ntawm blast furnace ironmaking (feem ntau siv dav)
(1) Cov khoom siv raw rau blast furnace smelting
Nws yog tsim los ntawm peb qhov chaw: hlau ore, roj (coke) thiab flux (limestone).
Feem ntau, smelting 1 tuj ntawm npua hlau yuav tsum tau 1. 2-0.4 tons ntawm flux, thiab tag nrho ntawm 2-3 tons ntawm raw khoom. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawg, yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv txaus txaus.
(2) Txheej txheem khiav
Txawm hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm smelting npua hlau yog tib yam, cov txheej txheem ntws kuj sib txawv vim muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab cov khoom siv sib txawv. Lawv tau qhia luv luv hauv qab no.
Blast furnace ntau lawm yog tas mus li. Ib tiam ntawm qhov cub tawg (los ntawm kev qhib mus rau kev kho dua tshiab thiab kaw yog ib tiam) tuaj yeem tsim ua ntu zus rau ob peb mus rau ntau tshaj kaum xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, hlau ore, coke, thiab flux yog txuas ntxiv thauj khoom los ntawm lub qhov cub rau sab saum toj (feem ntau lub sab saum toj yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab hoppers, thiab niaj hnub blast furnaces yog tswb valve saum thiab bellless tops), thiab yog tshuab los ntawm lub tuyere ntawm qhov qis ntawm qhov cub tawg. Cov cua kub nkag (1000 ~ 1300 degree) thiab txhaj roj xws li roj, thee lossis roj av. Cov hlau ore loaded rau hauv lub qhov cub tawg yog feem ntau yog cov hlau thiab oxygen. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, cov coke neutralizes cov pa roj carbon monoxide nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv txhaj tshuaj thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide tsim los ntawm combustion ntawm carbon tshem tawm cov pa oxygen hauv cov hlau ore kom tau hlau. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua kev txo qis. Hlau ore ua npua hlau los ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov hlau molten raug tso tawm los ntawm lub qhov taub. Lub gangue nyob rau hauv cov hlau ore, coke thiab tshauv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv txhaj tshuaj ua ke nrog fluxes xws li limestone ntxiv rau hauv lub qhov cub kom tsim slag, uas yog tawm ntawm lub taphole thiab slag qhov hluav taws xob feem. Cov pa roj yog xa tawm los ntawm lub qhov cub sab saum toj, thiab tom qab tshem tawm cov plua plav, nws yog siv los ua cov khoom siv roj. Niaj hnub nimno blast furnaces tseem tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm qhov siab siab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov cub thiab siv ib feem ntawm cov roj xa tawm los tsim hluav taws xob.
Npua hlau yog cov khoom ntawm lub qhov cub tawg (xws li smelting ntawm npua hlau nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub tawg), thiab cov khoom ntawm lub qhov cub tawg tsis yog tsuas yog npua hlau, tab sis kuj ferromanganese, thiab lwm yam, uas yog cov khoom ferroalloy. Ferromanganese blast furnace tsis koom nrog hauv kev suav ntawm ntau yam ntsuas ntawm cov hlau ua cov tshuab tawg. Cov txheej txheem blast furnace ironmaking kuj tsim cov khoom lag luam xws li slag, slag wool thiab blast furnace gas.
Yam ntxwv ntawm blast furnace ironmaking: Loj loj. Txawm nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no los yog nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, lub ntim ntawm blast furnaces yog tas li nthuav. Piv txwv li, qhov cub tawg ntawm Baosteel hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog 4063m3, nrog kev tsim khoom txhua hnub ntawm ntau dua tons ntawm hlau, ntau dua 4,000 tons ntawm slag, thiab ib hnub noj ntau dua 4,{{5 }} tons ntawm coke.
Tam sim no, cov tuam txhab lag luam ib leeg npua hlau muaj qhov cub tawg qhov ntim ntawm li 500 m3 lossis ntau dua, tab sis feem ntau lawv tseem nyob nruab nrab ntawm 100-300 m3. Muaj txawm tias me me blast furnaces tsawg dua 100 m3 nrog lub zog noj thiab muaj kuab paug siab. Qhov zoo ntawm lawv cov khoom tsis sib xws thiab cov lus tshaj tawm tau tawg. , tsis muaj qhov xav tau teev, cia nyob ib leeg muab piv nrog thoob ntiaj teb steel nroj tsuag. Xie Qihua, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Tuam Tshoj Baosteel Group, tau tshaj tawm tias tsoomfwv Suav tau xaj cov nroj tsuag me me uas muaj qhov cub tawg muaj peev xwm tsawg dua 200m3 kom kaw ua ntej xaus xyoo 2007. Cov nroj tsuag steel siv cov thev naus laus zis tsis tu ncua yuav raug txiav tawm thaum xyoo 2010. tus nqi poob, hnub kawg no tseem yuav nyob. Nws muaj peev xwm nce qib.
2. Lub tshuab dov yog dab tsi?
Rolling mill yog ib qho khoom siv uas siv cov txheej txheem hlau dov. Nws feem ntau yog hais txog cov khoom siv uas ua tiav tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv dov, suav nrog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb, cov cuab yeej pabcuam, nqa thiab thauj khoom, thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv. Tab sis feem ntau hais lus, lub tshuab dov feem ntau tsuas yog hais txog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb xwb.
3. Kev txhim kho keeb kwm ntawm dov zeb
Nws yog hais tias dov mills muaj nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 14th, tab sis dab tsi yog sau tseg yog daim duab ntawm ib tug dov zeb tsim los ntawm Italian Leonardo da Vinci nyob rau hauv 1480. Nyob rau hauv 1553, Frenchman Brulier dov tawm kub thiab nyiaj daim hlau los ua npib. Txij thaum ntawd los, dov mills tau tshwm sim hauv Spain, Belgium thiab United Kingdom. Rolling zeb tsim nyob rau hauv 1728 rau zus tau tej cov round tuav yog ib tug dov zeb tsim nyob rau hauv England rau zus tau tej cov round tuav. Lub tebchaws United Kingdom muaj ib lub me me dov zeb nyob rau hauv 1766. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab -19th caug xyoo, thawj reversible phaj dov zeb tau muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United Kingdom thiab dov tawm nkoj hlau daim hlau. Nyob rau hauv 1848, lub teb chaws Yelemees tau tsim lub universal dov zeb. Xyoo 1853, Tebchaws Meskas tau pib siv peb-cov menyuam yob profile dov zeb thiab kho nws nrog lub rooj nqa nqa uas tau tsav los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Tom qab ntawd tuaj lub zeb Lauter hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Thawj qhov nruam dov zeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1859. Lub universal profile dov zeb tshwm nyob rau hauv 1872; nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, ib tug semi-nruab nrab strip rolling zeb tau tsim, muaj ob peb-roll roughing mills thiab tsib plaub-high finishing mills.
Tuam Tshoj pib siv dov mills nyob rau hauv 1871 ntawm lub Iron Drawing Plant (steel dov zeb) koom nrog rau Fuzhou Shipping Bureau; nws dov hlau daim hlau nrog ib tug tuab ntawm tsawg tshaj li 15 hli, thiab square thiab round steel nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 6 mus rau 120 hli. Xyoo 1890, Hanyang Hlau Ua Haujlwm ntawm Hanyeping Tuam Txhab tau nruab nrog ob-sawv kab rov tav ob-sawv 2450mm ob-siab nruab nrab phaj dov zeb uas tau tsav los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum, peb-sawv kab rov tav ob-siab rail nqaj zeb tsav los ntawm chav. cav, thiab 350/300mm me me dov zeb. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam metallurgical, tam sim no muaj ntau hom dov mills.
4. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm cov dov zeb suav nrog cov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv sib kis.
(1) Lub hauv paus ua haujlwm
Nws muaj cov rollers, cov menyuam bearings, tshuab thav duab, tsheb ciav hlau rooj, yob hloov khoom siv, sab sauv yob ntsuas cov cuab yeej thiab yob hloov khoom siv.
a. Roller: Nws yog ib feem uas plastically deforms hlau.
b. Cov menyuam kabmob: txhawb nqa cov menyuam thiab ua kom cov menyuam nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ruaj khov hauv thav duab. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob yob yog hnyav thiab hloov pauv ntau, yog li cov kabmob sib txhuam coefficient yuav tsum me me, muaj zog txaus thiab nruj, thiab yooj yim los hloov cov yob. Cov rolling sib txawv siv ntau hom yob bearings. Rolling bearings muaj siab rigidity thiab me me kev sib txhuam coefficient, tab sis muaj me me siab-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm thiab loj sab nraud qhov ntev. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm yob ntawm phaj thiab sawb mills. Muaj ob hom zawv zawg bearings: semi-qhuav kev sib txhuam thiab kua sib txhuam. Semi-qhuav kev sib txhuam cov menyuam bearings feem ntau yog bakelite, tooj liab pobzeb, thiab nylon pobzeb bearings. Lawv kuj pheej yig thiab feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv profile dov mills thiab blanking machines. Muaj peb hom kev sib txhuam ua kua: dynamic siab, zoo li qub siab thiab zoo li qub-dynamic siab. Qhov zoo yog tias kev sib txhuam coefficient yog me me, lub peev xwm ntawm lub siab yog loj, kev khiav hauj lwm ceev yog siab, thiab rigidity yog zoo. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias cov roj zaj duab xis thickness hloov nrog ceev. Kev sib txhuam ua kua dej feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem rov qab ntawm cov phaj thiab sawb mills thiab lwm yam kev kub ceev dov mills.
c. Rolling mill thav duab: Nws muaj ob "archways" rau nruab lub yob chock thiab yob hloov khoom siv. Nws yuav tsum muaj lub zog txaus thiab cov hlau kom tiv taus lub zog dov. Muaj ob hom racks loj: kaw thiab qhib. Lub kaw lus kaw yog ib qho thav duab nrog lub zog siab thiab rigidity. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau tawg mills thiab phaj thiab sawb mills nrog loj dov rog. Lub thav duab qhib muaj ob ntu: lub cev thav duab thiab lub hau sab sauv, uas yooj yim rau kev hloov pauv. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kab rov tav profile dov mills. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj mills tsis muaj arches.
d. Rolling mill rail seat: siv los nruab lub tshuab ncej thiab tsau rau ntawm lub hauv paus, tseem hu ua footing phaj. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus lub ntiajteb txawj nqus thiab tilting lub sijhawm ntawm lub hauv paus ua haujlwm thaum ua kom qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm lub hauv paus ua haujlwm.
e. Cov cuab yeej hloov kho cov menyuam: siv los kho qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv kom cov dov dov mus txog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov loj me. Cov cuab yeej hloov kho rau cov menyuam sab saud tseem hu ua "nias-down" thiab muaj peb hom: phau ntawv, hluav taws xob thiab hydraulic. Kev tuav tuav cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau yog siv hauv profile dov mills thiab me me dov mills. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nias-down muaj cov khoom xws li lub cev muaj zog, lub reducer, nres, nias-down ntsia hlau, nias-down txiv ntseej, qhov taw qhia txoj hauj lwm nias-down, ib lub voj voos kheej kheej thiab lub ntsuas siab; nws txoj kev sib kis tau qis, qhov kev sib hloov inertia ntawm qhov txav yog qhov loj, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov nrawm nrawm thiab qhov kev hloov kho qhov tseeb yog tsawg. Txij li thaum xyoo 1970, tom qab lub phaj thiab sawb dov zeb tau txais AGC (tsis siv neeg tuab tswj), hydraulic txo cov cuab yeej siv rau hauv cov sawb tshiab txias thiab kub dov mills thiab tuab phaj dov mills, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov phaj me me thickness sib txawv. thiab cov khoom tsim nyog tus nqi siab. .
f. Upper yob ntsuas tshuab: ib qho cuab yeej siv los nqa lub yob sab sauv thiab tiv thaiv cov dov los ntawm kev cuam tshuam thaum nkag thiab tawm ntawm yob. Cov ntaub ntawv yog: lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hom, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv profile dov mills; hom rauj, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv tawg mills nrog loj yob txav; hom hydraulic, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv plaub-siab phaj thiab sawb mills.
g. Txhawm rau txhim kho tus nqi khiav lag luam, lub tshuab dov yuav tsum tau hloov cov yob sai thiab yooj yim. Muaj plaub txoj kev hloov pauv: C-shaped nuv hom, lub tes tsho hom, hom trolley thiab tag nrho cov ncej cov menyuam hloov hom. Thawj ob txoj hauv kev yog siv los hloov cov yob nrog kev pab ntawm ib lub crane, thaum ob lub thav duab yog xav tau rau yob hloov ntawm tag nrho cov ncej. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv me me dov mills. Lub laub yob hloov yog tsim rau cov dov mills loj thiab yog qhov tsim nyog rau automation. Tam sim no, dov mills txais yuav ceev tsis siv neeg yob hloov khoom siv, thiab nws tsuas siv 5 mus rau 8 feeb los hloov ib yob.
(2) Transmission device
Nws yog tsim los ntawm hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog, reducer, iav rooj thiab txuas ncej. Lub rooj zaum iav faib qhov sib kis torque mus rau ob lossis ob peb lub rollers.
(3) Cov khoom siv pabcuam
Nws suav nrog cov khoom siv rau cov txheej txheem pabcuam hauv cov txheej txheem dov. Xws li cov khoom siv raw khoom, cua sov, steel tig, shearing, straightening, txias, tsis pom kev, kho cua sov, pickling thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
(4) Cov khoom nqa nqa thiab thauj khoom
cranes, tsheb thauj khoom, rollers thiab hloov tshuab, thiab lwm yam.
(5) Cov khoom siv ntxiv
Muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob, yob sib tsoo, lubrication, dej, dej ntws, roj, compressed cua, hydraulic siab, hlau oxide nplai tshem tawm, kho tshuab, kho hluav taws xob, kua qaub, roj, dej, acid rov qab, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
5. Lub npe ntawm dov zeb
Nws muaj npe raws li qhov sib txawv dov, dov zeb hom thiab nominal loj. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "nominal size" rau profile dov mills yog muaj npe tom qab lub suab voj voog txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub rooj zaum iav; lub roughing zeb muaj npe tom qab nominal txoj kab uas hla ntawm yob; lub phaj thiab sawb zeb muaj npe tom qab qhov ntev ntawm kev ua haujlwm yob lub cev; steel yeeb nkab dov zeb yog lub npe tom qab lub siab tshaj plaws ntau lawm muaj peev xwm Nameed raws li cov yeeb nkab txoj kab uas hla. Qee lub sij hawm nws tseem muaj npe tom qab tus neeg tsim khoom ntawm lub tshuab dov (xws li Sendzimir Mill).
6. Kev xaiv ntawm dov zeb
Hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom tiav lossis cov khoom tiav ib nrab ntawm cov dov zeb yog xaiv raws li cov khoom lag luam ntau yam, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom tsim tawm, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, nqa thiab thauj thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov kev xaiv zaum kawg yog balanced raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm ntau yam.
7. Rolling zeb fais fab chaw
Xyoo 1590, Tebchaws Askiv pib siv cov dej turbines los rub cov menyuam. Txog rau xyoo 1790, tseem muaj cov dej turbines nruab nrog cov pob zeb flywheels los tsav plaub-cov menyuam steel phaj dov mills. Nyob rau hauv 1798 England pib siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob los rub cov mills. Cov rolling mills niaj hnub no yog tsav los ntawm DC lossis AC motors, ib leeg lossis hauv pab pawg los ntawm lub zog.
8. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov dov mills
Rolling mills tuaj yeem raug cais raws li kev npaj thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov yob, kev npaj ntawm cov thav duab, thiab cov khoom tsim.
9. Kev loj hlob ntawm dov zeb
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm niaj hnub dov mills yog continuity, automation, tshwj xeeb, khoom zoo thiab tsawg noj. Txij li thaum xyoo 1960, kev vam meej tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov dov mills, uas tau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kub thiab txias strip dov mills, tuab phaj dov mills, high-speed hlau qws dov mills, H-section dov. mills thiab nruam yeeb nkab dov mills, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm dov mills. Nws muaj cov cuab yeej siv siab tshaj plaws xws li cov hlua hlau dov zeb nrog kev ua haujlwm ceev txog li 115 meters ib ob, tag nrho cov sawb txias dov zeb, 5500 hli dav thiab tuab phaj dov zeb thiab txuas txuas H-beam dov. zeb. Chav tsev qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw siv hauv dov mills tau nce, hydraulic AGC, kev tswj kev tiaj tus, cov txheej txheem tshuab xam zauv hauv tshuab hluav taws xob thiab kev sim cov txheej txheem tau dhau los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab ntau yam dov tau txuas ntxiv mus. Qee yam tshiab dov txoj kev tsim nyog rau kev nruam nruam thiab dov, tswj dov, nrog rau cov rolling mills nrog ntau yam tshwj xeeb cov qauv los hloov kho cov khoom zoo tshiab thiab txhim kho kev lag luam hauv kev tsim kho.
