Tooj Alloys

Koj tus thawj coj Copper Alloys Supplier

GNEE Steel Group yog cov khoom lag luam sib koom ua ke nrog rau cov hlau phaj, coils, profiles, sab nraum zoov tsim, thiab ua. Peb cov khoom suav nrog Super Alloys, Inconel Alloys, Incoloy Alloys, Monel Alloys, Duplex Stainless Hlau, Hastelloy Alloys, Titanium Alloys, Tooj Alloys, Aluminium Alloys, Zirconium Alloys, Tantalum Alloy, Niobium Alloy, Molybdenum Alloy, Tungsten Alloys, Stainless Hlau Tube, Stainless Hlau Phaj thiab Sheets, Stainless Hlau Chev, Stainless Hlau Yeeb Fittings, Stainless Hlau Rods thiab Bars.

Vim li cas thiaj xaiv peb?

Kev paub nplua nuj

GNEE Steel Group tau tsim muaj nyob rau hauv 2008 thiab muaj ntau tshaj 10 xyoo ntawm kev tsim steel hlau.

One-Stop Solution

GNEE Steel Group yog ib tug kws tshaj lij, ib-nres muab saw hlau lag luam rau cov khoom siv hlau, npog cov khoom lag luam tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho, muag, nce qib, thiab muab kev pabcuam tshaj lij.

Kev lag luam dav

Lub tuam txhab cov khoom raug muag rau Tebchaws Europe, Australia, thiab xa tawm mus rau ntau tshaj 70 lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb. Nws muaj tag nrho ntau dua 800 lub tuam txhab kev koom tes thoob ntiaj teb, uas suav nrog 15 lub tuam txhab tsim khoom, 143 engineering project tuam txhab, thiab 23 boiler machinery manufacturers.

Kev xa khoom raws sijhawm

Peb cov khoom muag txhua xyoo yog 1 lab tons, peb cov khoom muag yog 200, 000 tons, thiab peb cov khoom xa tawm txhua xyoo tau mus txog 80, 000 tons, ua kom cov khoom xa tuaj raws sij hawm.

Tsev 12 Rau sab kawg 1/2

Txhais ntawm Copper Alloys

Copper alloys yog cov hlau alloys uas muaj tooj liab ua lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Lawv muaj siab tiv thaiv corrosion. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws hom kev cai yog tooj liab, qhov twg tin yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv, thiab tooj dag, siv zinc hloov.

Qhov Zoo ntawm Copper Alloys yog dab tsi?

Lub neej ntev-ntev tso cai los ntawm Corrosion Resistance
Copper alloys tau qhuas rau lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv corrosion. Qhov no yog vim lub ntuj muaj peev xwm ntawm tooj liab los ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv oxide txheej ntawm nws qhov chaw thaum raug huab cua, uas ua raws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm lwm cov ntsiab lus rau tooj liab, xws li tin, npib tsib xee thiab zinc, tuaj yeem txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm tooj liab alloys.

High Conductivity, txaus siab rau cov xwm txheej sib txawv
Sib nrug los ntawm kev ua neej nyob ntev, tooj liab alloys kuj paub txog lawv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab, uas yog qhov thib ob rau nyiaj. Copper alloys muaj ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dawb uas tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim los ntawm cov khoom siv, tso cai rau cov hluav taws xob ntws nrog tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau tooj liab alloys siv tau rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob.
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv tooj liab alloys yog nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob thaiv. Copper thaiv yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tsev, cov tsev lag luam thiab cov ntawv thov kev lag luam vim nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab thiab tsis muaj zog. Copper alloys kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob uas xav tau kev txhim khu kev qha thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Ntxiv nrog rau lawv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab, tooj liab alloys kuj muaj cov thermal conductivity zoo heev. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau tooj liab alloys zoo tagnrho rau siv nyob rau hauv tshav kub exchangers thiab lwm yam kev siv uas yuav tsum tau npaum tshav kub hloov.

Resistance rau Biofouling thiab Repels Algae thiab Barnacles
Lub ntuj antimicrobial thaj chaw ntawm tooj liab, ua ke nrog nws lub peev xwm los tsim cov txheej txheem oxide tiv thaiv, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv tau rau kev siv dej hiav txwv. Copper alloys tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, xws li cov kab mob thiab algae, ntawm lawv qhov chaw, txo qhov tsim ntawm biofouling thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm marine lug.
Copper-nickel alloys tshwj xeeb, tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv biofouling. Cov alloys no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab mob hauv hiav txwv thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv kev siv dej hiav txwv, xws li nkoj hulls, kiv cua thiab cov kav dej.

Lub zog Retention, Toughness thiab Brittleness
Copper alloys paub zoo rau lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, suav nrog lub zog siab, ductility thiab toughness. Cov khoom no ua rau tooj liab alloys yog cov khoom zoo meej rau ntau yam kev siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas xav tau kev ua tau zoo hauv kev xav tau.
Feem ntau cov tooj liab alloys tuaj yeem tswj tau lawv lub zog thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntau dua li qhov kub thiab txias thiab ib puag ncig. Copper-nickel alloys, piv txwv li, muaj lub zog siab thiab toughness txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau lawv haum rau siv hauv cov ntawv thov cryogenic. Copper-zinc alloys, xws li tooj dag, kuj tau txais kev qhuas rau lawv lub zog siab thiab tawv thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau hnav zoo, xws li cab iav thiab bearings.
Copper alloys kuj paub txog lawv cov kev tiv thaiv rau qaug zog thiab kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking. Cov khoom no ua rau tooj liab alloys nyiam cov khoom siv rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, xws li hauv aerospace thiab kev siv tsheb.

Machinability zoo heev thiab yooj yim ntawm Fabrication
Copper alloys muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo heev vim lawv cov khoom sib xyaw tshwj xeeb, suav nrog lawv cov thermal conductivity, tsis tshua muaj zog thiab zoo ductility. Cov khoom no tso cai rau tooj liab alloys tau yooj yim machined, zoo li tus thiab tsim rau hauv complex qhov chaw thiab Cheebtsam.
High thermal conductivity txhais tau hais tias tooj liab alloys dissipate tshav kub sai sai thaum lub sij hawm machining, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm thermal puas rau workpiece thiab cov cuab yeej txiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm tooj liab alloys txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem raug machined siv tsawg txiav quab yuam thiab ceev, uas txo cov cuab yeej hnav thiab ua rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm.
Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tooj liab alloys yog nruab nrog zoo heev machinability. Copper alloys yog softer dua li ntau lwm yam hlau, xws li hlau thiab titanium, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau tshuab thiab tsim rau hauv complex duab thiab qhov chaw. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau tooj liab alloys tsim cov khoom siv rau ntau yam kev siv tshuab thiab kev tsim khoom, suav nrog milling, tig, drilling thiab sib tsoo.

Dab tsi yog Cov Nta ntawm Copper Alloys?

Hluav taws xob conductivity
Raws li tau hais dhau los, tooj liab muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Txawm hais tias qee qhov tooj liab alloys muaj ntau tshaj li lwm tus, tag nrho cov tooj liab alloys yog hluav taws xob conductive rau qee qhov.

High Thermal conductivity
Tooj liab yog ib qho zoo heev conductor ntawm tshav kub, ua rau nws haum rau daim ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ceev ceev hloov mus rau kub.

Tsis-Magnetic
Tooj liab yog tsis-sparking thiab tsis-sib nqus, ua rau nws yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo tagnrho rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv tub rog.

Rov ua dua
Cov tooj liab tuaj yeem rov ua dua ib qho tsis kawg ntawm lub sijhawm yam tsis tau poob ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom.

Corrosion Resistance

Tooj liab muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, txhais tau tias nws tsis nyiam corrode thaum raug cov khoom sib txawv xws li ya raws, qee yam tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.

Durability

Tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys muaj zog heev thiab ruaj khov, tso cai rau cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv ntev ntev.

Antimicrobial Properties

Copper alloys tau qhia tshwj xeeb los txo cov kab mob microbial, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntxiv rau kev tswj kev kis kab mob uas twb muaj lawm.

Common Hom Copper Alloys

Electrolytic-tough Pitch (ETP) tooj liab
Electrolytic tawv pitch tooj liab, UNS C11000, yog tooj liab ntshiab (nrog rau qhov siab tshaj ntawm 0.0355% ntawm impurities) refined los ntawm cov txheej txheem electrolytic refining thiab nws yog qib siv dav tshaj plaws ntawm tooj liab thoob plaws ntiaj teb. ETP muaj qhov ntsuas qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 100% IACS thiab yuav tsum yog 99.9% ntshiab. Nws muaj 0.02% mus rau 0.04% oxygen cov ntsiab lus (tus qauv). Cov hlua hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam tooj liab. Qhov no suav nrog kev tsim hluav taws xob thaiv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob xaim hluav taws xob, khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev sib txuas lus cable, tsheb xaim thiab cable, thiab hlau nplaum hlau. Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov tooj liab mined yog siv rau hluav taws xob xaim thiab cable conductors. Ntshiab tooj liab muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity ntawm tej yam hlau coj mus muag. Cov conductivity ntawm tooj liab yog 97% ntawm cov nyiaj. Vim nws cov nqi qis dua thiab ntau dua, tooj liab tau ib txwm ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv rau kev siv hluav taws xob xa mus.

tooj dag
Brass yog lub ntsiab lus dav dav rau ntau yam ntawm tooj liab-zinc alloys. tooj dag tuaj yeem ua alloyed nrog zinc hauv ntau qhov sib txawv, uas ua rau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, corrosion thiab thermal zog. Ntau cov zinc muab cov khoom siv nrog kev txhim kho lub zog thiab ductility. Cov tooj dag uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tooj liab ntau dua 63% yog cov ductile feem ntau ntawm cov tooj liab alloy thiab zoo li cov kev ua haujlwm txias txias. Brass muaj ntau dua malleability tshaj bronze los yog zinc. Qhov qis melting point ntawm tooj dag thiab nws cov fluidity ua rau nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau cam khwb cia. Brass tuaj yeem muaj xim xim ntawm xim liab mus rau daj nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus zinc. Qee qhov kev siv rau cov khoom siv tooj dag suav nrog cov ris tsho hnav khaub ncaws, xauv, khawm khawm, lub zog, cov kabmob, cov hlua khi, cov mos txwv casings, tsheb radiators, cov twj paj nruag, ntim hluav taws xob, thiab npib. Brass thiab bronze yog cov khoom siv hauv engineering niaj hnub thiab feem ntau yog siv rau ru tsev thiab facade cladding vim lawv qhov muag pom.

Bronze
Cov bronzes yog ib tsev neeg ntawm tooj liab-raws li alloys ib txwm alloyed nrog tin, tab sis tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov alloys ntawm tooj liab thiab lwm yam khoom (xws li txhuas, silicon, thiab npib tsib xee). Bronzes muaj zog dua li cov tooj dag, tab sis lawv tseem muaj cov qib siab ntawm corrosion kuj. Feem ntau lawv siv thaum, ntxiv rau corrosion kuj, zoo tensile zog yuav tsum tau. Piv txwv li, beryllium tooj liab tau txais lub zog loj tshaj plaws (txog 1,400 MPa) ntawm cov tooj liab-raws li alloy.

Copper-nickel Alloy
Cupronickels yog tooj liab-nickel alloys uas feem ntau muaj los ntawm 60 mus rau 90 feem pua ntawm tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee ua lub ntsiab alloying. Ob lub ntsiab alloys yog 90/10 thiab 70/30. Lwm cov ntsiab lus ntxiv dag zog, xws li manganese thiab hlau, kuj tseem muaj. Cupronickels muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau corrosion los ntawm dej hiav txwv. Txawm hais tias nws cov ntsiab lus tooj liab siab, cupronickel yog xim nyiaj. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm npib tsib xee rau tooj liab kuj txhim kho lub zog thiab corrosion kuj, tab sis zoo ductility yog khaws cia.

Nickel Nyiaj
Nickel nyiaj, hu ua German nyiaj, npib tsib xee tooj dag lossis alpacca, yog tooj liab alloy nrog npib tsib xee thiab feem ntau zinc. Piv txwv li, UNS C75700 npib tsib xee nyiaj 65-12 tooj liab alloy muaj corrosion zoo thiab tarnish-ua hauj, thiab siab formability. Cov nyiaj npib tsib xee yog lub npe vim nws lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj, tab sis nws tsis muaj cov nyiaj npib tshwj tsis yog plated.

Txheej txheem ntawm Copper Alloys

Mining
Mining ntawm tooj liab ores feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv loj qhib qhov mines. Cov no yog qhib, stepped qhov hauv av uas maj mam khawb tob. Cov khoom tawg yog siv los tawg cov pob zeb, thiab cov pob zeb uas tau raug thauj mus rau crushing rau hauv me me rau kev ua.

Kev rho tawm
Raws li ob hom ntawm tooj liab ore, muaj ob lub ntsiab purification txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem hydrometallurgical yog siv rau oxide ores. Lub crushed ore yog heaped thiab ib tug acid-leaching tov yog percolated los ntawm lub heap. Qhov no tsim cov kua dej cev xeeb tub. Cov txheej txheem pyrometallurgical yog siv rau sulfide ores. Lub extraction ntawm ore yog ua los ntawm froth flotation thiab thickening raws li qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom.

Kev huv huv
Rau oxide ores, hydrometallurgy yog siv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov kua qaub cev xeeb tub raug xa mus rau cov txheej txheem tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj kom pom cov tooj liab hauv cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj no ces xa mus rau electrowinning, qhov twg hluav taws xob yog siv los tso cov khoom tooj liab. Rau sulfide ores, pyrometallurgy yog siv, uas txhais tau hais tias ib tug smelter yog siv los tsim cov raw tooj liab. Qhov no yog ces purified ntxiv los ntawm electrorefining.

Alloying
Copper alloys yog tsim los ntawm thawj melting cov ntaub ntawv alloying, thiab ces melting tooj liab ntxiv rau nws. Tom qab ntawd cov molten sib tov yog cam khwb cia thiab tso cai rau txias thiab solidify.

Electrorefining
Electrorefining ntawm tooj liab cuam tshuam nrog electrolytically dissolving cov khoom tsis zoo tooj liab rau hauv kev daws. Cov tooj liab ntshiab yog electrochemically tso rau ntawm lub electrode los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no los ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Qhov no tshem tawm impurities los ntawm tooj liab kom ua tiav siab dua purity. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem yog kim thiab muaj kev xav tau hluav taws xob ntau heev.

Koj Yuav Ua Li Cas Ua Cov Khoom Copper Alloys?

Ntxuav tsis tu ncua & maj mam
Ntxuav koj cov tooj liab hlau tsis tu ncua thiab maj mam yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tswj lawv. Koj tuaj yeem siv daim ntaub mos muag hauv dej sov soapy kom maj mam so cov av, plua plav, thiab roj ntawm koj cov khoom. Yog tias xav tau kev tu kom zoo dua, siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes me me lossis cov tshuaj ntxuav dej cawv nrog cov dej sov kom pab tshem tawm tarnish thiab oxidation ntawm daim. Tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv abrasive xws li cov ntaub plaub los yog cov ntaub nplaum, vim qhov no yuav ua rau cov khoom tiav.

Khaws kom raug
Kev khaws cia kom zoo ntawm koj cov khoom tooj liab tooj liab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm. Thaum khaws cia txhua yam ntawm cov hlau kos duab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nws nyob deb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (kub lossis txias), qhov chaw ntub dej, thiab lub hnub ci ncaj qha - txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau xeb lossis tawg thaum lub sijhawm. Khaws cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub thawv airtight yuav pab tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj tarnishing vim raug oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov tias lwm cov hlau yuav tsis txhuam ib leeg vim qhov no yuav ua rau khawb rau ntawm koj cov tooj liab alloy daim.

Txwv tsis pub muaj dej noo
Thaum hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tooj liab zoo li cov nplhaib lossis caj dab, sim tsis txhob nthuav tawm cov dej noo ntau dhau, xws li hws lossis pas dej da dej, rau lub sijhawm ntev, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj xim lossis tarnish ntawm qhov chaw. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tshem tawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua ntej da dej los yog da dej kom koj tuaj yeem khaws nws cov xim qub rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Cov kev xav rau kev yuav khoom

Hluav taws xob conductivity
Tooj liab muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws conductivity ntawm engineering hlau. Nyiaj los yog lwm yam ntsiab lus yuav muab ntxiv kom muaj zog, softening kuj los yog lwm yam khoom uas tsis muaj loj conductivity.

Thermal conductivity
Cov cuab yeej no zoo ib yam li hluav taws xob conductivity. Alloys ntawm tooj liab yuav siv tau rau cov cuab yeej no, qhov zoo corrosion kuj compensates rau poob ntawm conductivity nrog nce alloying.

Xim thiab tsos
Feem ntau ntawm cov tooj liab alloys muaj xim txawv, uas tej zaum yuav hloov raws li cov khoom huab cua. Rau feem ntau ntawm cov alloys nws yog ib qho yooj yim los npaj thiab tswj qhov saum npoo mus rau tus qauv siab, txawm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo corrosion. Ntau yam ntawm cov alloys yog siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj, xws li nyob rau hauv lawv cov keeb kwm los yog tom qab hlau plating. Cov alloys muaj cov xim tshwj xeeb, xws li cov ntses liab liab ntawm tooj liab los ntawm daj, kub thiab ntsuab mus rau tsaus bronze nyob rau hauv huab cua. Atmospheric raug yuav ua tau ib tug ntsuab los yog bronze nto, thiab prepatinated alloys muaj nyob rau hauv ib co khoom cov ntaub ntawv.

Yooj yim ntawm Fabrication
Feem ntau ntawm cov alloys tau yooj yim cam khwb cia, kub los yog txias tsim, machined, koom thiab lwm yam.Cov alloys feem ntau yog tus qauv tiv thaiv uas lwm yam hlau piv.

Peb Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj

Nws cov yeeb nkab stainless hlau ntau lawm tshuab tau mus txog lub ntiaj teb cov txheej txheem nruab nrab. Nws tau raug lees paub los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm thiab tau dhau los ua lub hnub qub lag luam hauv Asia.

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Peb Qhov Kev Pabcuam

Pawg ua raws li txoj cai ntawm "ib-nres kev pabcuam, ua kev xaiv yooj yim dua". Txuas ntxiv kom tau raws li qhov xav tau sib txawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov khoom siv hlau. Pab pawg muag khoom tshaj lij muab cov neeg siv khoom nrog cov kev pabcuam thawj zaug. Ib pawg neeg yuav khoom nruj heev thiab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo xaiv cov khoom siv raw khoom zoo. Pab pawg xa khoom thiab kev xa khoom tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev thauj khoom.

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Email: ss@gneesteel.com

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Chaw nyob: Tsis yog.4-1114, Beichen Building, Beicang Town, Beichen District, Tianjin, Suav

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Cov lus nug nquag

Q: Kev siv tooj liab thiab tooj liab yog dab tsi?

A: Keeb kwm, alloying tooj liab nrog lwm cov hlau, piv txwv li tin los ua bronze, yog thawj zaug siv txog 4000 xyoo tom qab nrhiav tau tooj liab smelting, thiab txog 2000 xyoo tom qab "natural bronze" tau los rau hauv kev siv. Ib qho kev vam meej thaum ub txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv Bronze Age los ntawm kev tsim cov bronze los ntawm smelting nws tus kheej tooj liab thiab alloying nrog tin, arsenic, los yog lwm yam hlau. Cov ntawv thov loj ntawm tooj liab yog cov xaim hluav taws xob (60%), vov tsev thiab kav dej (20%), thiab kev siv tshuab (15%). Copper feem ntau yog siv los ua cov hlau ntshiab, tab sis thaum yuav tsum muaj zog dua, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlau xws li tooj dag thiab tooj liab (5% ntawm tag nrho siv). Copper thiab tooj liab-raws li alloys xws li tooj dag (Cu-Zn) thiab bronzes (Cu-Sn) yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab kev siv sib txawv. Qee qhov kev siv rau cov khoom siv tooj dag muaj xws li cov ris tsho hnav ris tsho, xauv, khawm khawm, lub zog, bearings, mos txwv casings, automotive radiators, suab paj nruag, ntim hluav taws xob, thiab npib. Bronze, lossis bronze-zoo li alloys thiab cov khoom sib tov, tau siv rau cov nyiaj npib ntev dua. tseem niaj hnub no dav siv rau springs, bearings, bushings, tsheb kis tau tus mob pilot bearings, thiab zoo sib xws fittings, thiab yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov bearings ntawm me me hluav taws xob motors. Brass thiab bronze yog cov khoom siv hauv engineering niaj hnub thiab feem ntau yog siv rau ru tsev thiab facade cladding vim lawv qhov muag pom.

Q: Dab tsi yog Cov Khoom Ntawm Copper Alloys?

A: Cov khoom siv yog cov khoom siv hnyav, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm qhov loj thiab tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw hauv lub cev txhua lub sijhawm. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv science yog kawm txog cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab hais txog lawv cov khoom (mechanical, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam). Thaum tus kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv paub txog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom vaj khoom tsev no, lawv tuaj yeem mus kawm txog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv daim ntawv thov. Cov kev txiav txim loj ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab yog li ntawm nws cov khoom yog nws cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab txoj hauv kev uas nws tau ua tiav rau hauv nws daim ntawv kawg.

Mechanical Properties ntawm tooj liab Alloys

Cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau raug xaiv rau ntau daim ntawv thov vim tias lawv muaj qhov xav tau kev sib txuas ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuab. Rau kev siv cov qauv, cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov engineers yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account.

Lub zog ntawm Copper Alloys

Nyob rau hauv mechanics ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lub zog ntawm cov khoom yog nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus ib tug thov load yam tsis ua hauj lwm los yog yas deformation. Lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pib txiav txim siab txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sab nraud uas siv rau cov khoom siv thiab qhov tshwm sim deformation lossis hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom loj. Lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv yog nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv qhov kev thov no yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm lossis cov yas deformation.

Qhov kawg Tensile Strength

Qhov kawg tensile lub zog ntawm electrolytic-tough pitch (ETP) tooj liab yog li 250 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile zog ntawm carthridge tooj dag - UNS C26000 yog hais txog 315 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile zog ntawm txhuas bronze - UNS C95400 yog hais txog 550 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile lub zog ntawm tin bronze - UNS C90500 - phom hlau yog li 310 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile zog ntawm tooj liab beryllium - UNS C17200 yog hais txog 1380 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile lub zog ntawm cupronickel - UNS C70600 yog hais txog 275 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile zog ntawm npib tsib xee nyiaj - UNS C75700 yog hais txog 400 MPa.

Qhov kawg tensile lub zog yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm engineering stress-strain nkhaus. Qhov no sib raug rau qhov siab tshaj plaws kev ntxhov siab uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa los ntawm cov qauv hauv kev nro. Qhov kawg tensile lub zog feem ntau luv luv rau "lub zog tensile" lossis txawm tias "qhov kawg." Yog tias qhov kev ntxhov siab no tau siv thiab khaws cia, qhov tawg yuav tshwm sim. Feem ntau, tus nqi no tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev ntxhov siab tawm los (ntau npaum li 50 mus rau 60 feem pua ntau tshaj qhov tawm los rau qee hom hlau). Thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nce mus txog nws lub zog kawg, nws muaj kev paub txog caj dab qhov twg qhov chaw hla ntu txo qis hauv zos. Lub zog-strain nkhaus tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua li qhov kawg ntawm lub zog. Txawm hais tias deformations tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, qhov kev ntxhov siab feem ntau yuav txo qis tom qab lub zog kawg tau ua tiav. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej siv zog; yog li ntawd nws tus nqi tsis nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov qauv kuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog nyob ntawm lwm yam, xws li kev npaj cov qauv, qhov muaj lossis lwm yam ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, thiab qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov chaw kuaj thiab cov khoom siv. Qhov kawg tensile zog sib txawv ntawm 50 MPa rau ib qho txhuas kom siab li 3000 MPa rau cov hlau uas muaj zog heev.

Yield zog

Cov pov thawj lub zog ntawm electrolytic-tough pitch (ETP) tooj liab yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 60-300 MPa.

Yield zog ntawm txhuas bronze - UNS C95400 yog hais txog 250 MPa.

Yield zog ntawm tin bronze - UNS C90500 - phom hlau yog li 150 MPa.

Lub zog ntawm tooj liab beryllium - UNS C17200 yog li 1100 MPa.

Tawm lub zog ntawm cupronickel - UNS C70600 yog li 105 MPa.

Lub zog ntawm npib tsib xee nyiaj - UNS C75700 yog li 170 MPa.

Qhov taw tes tawm los yog qhov taw qhia ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab-txhim kho qhov nkhaus uas qhia txog qhov txwv ntawm kev coj tus cwj pwm elastic thiab pib tus cwj pwm yas. Yield zog los yog yield stress yog cov khoom cuab yeej cuab tam txhais raws li qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom pib deform plastically whereas yield point yog lub ntsiab lus uas nonlinear (elastic + yas) deformation pib. Ua ntej ntawm qhov taw tes tawm, cov khoom yuav deform elastically thiab yuav rov qab mus rau nws cov duab qub thaum lub zog thov raug tshem tawm. Thaum qhov taw tes tawm los dhau lawm, qee feem ntawm qhov deformation yuav nyob ruaj khov thiab tsis thim rov qab. Qee cov hlau thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm tus cwj pwm hu ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Cov khoom muaj zog sib txawv ntawm 35 MPa rau lub zog qis qis rau ntau dua 1400 MPa rau cov hlau uas muaj zog heev.

Hardness ntawm tooj liab alloys

Vickers hardness ntawm electrolytic-tough pitch (ETP) tooj liab nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov khoom, tab sis nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm 50 - 150 HV.

Brinell hardness ntawm carthridge tooj dag - UNS C26000 yog kwv yees li 100 MPa.

Brinell hardness ntawm txhuas bronze - UNS C95400 yog kwv yees li 170 MPa. Lub hardness ntawm aluminium bronzes nce nrog txhuas (thiab lwm yam alloy) cov ntsiab lus nrog rau kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias.

Brinell hardness ntawm tin bronze - UNS C90500 - phom hlau yog kwv yees li 75 BHN.

Rockwell hardness ntawm tooj liab beryllium - UNS C17200 yog kwv yees li 82 HRB.

Brinell hardness ntawm cupronickel - UNS C70600 yog kwv yees li HB 100.

Rockwell hardness ntawm npib tsib xee nyiaj - UNS C75700 yog kwv yees li 45 HRB.

Q: Qhov txawv ntawm Brass thiab Bronze yog dab tsi?

A: Brasses yog tooj liab-raws li alloys uas muaj zinc ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb alloying. Cov zinc tooj liab alloy no kuj tseem muaj me me ntawm lwm cov khoom xws li hlau, npib tsib xee, silicon, lossis txhuas. Ib qho piv txwv zoo yog 60-40 tooj dag daj, uas yog C85500. Cov zinc tooj liab alloy muaj 59% - 63% tooj liab, nyob ib ncig ntawm 40% zinc, thiab 0.8% txhuas. Nws yog cov ntsiab lus zinc siab uas yuav muaj cov khoom faib ua tooj dag. Bronzes yog tooj liab-raws li alloys nyob rau hauv uas lub ntsiab alloying tseem ceeb tsis yog zinc los yog npib tsib xee. Keeb kwm, lo lus "bronze" piav txog tooj liab alloys uas siv tin raws li ib qho los yog lub ntsiab alloying ntsiab. Qhov nomenclature tau hloov zuj zus, txawm li cas los xij. Lub sij hawm bronze yog tam sim no siv nrog ib tug ua ntej modifier uas piav txog hom bronze nws yog, los ntawm kev qhia lub ntsiab alloying loj (s). Piv txwv li, MTEK 175 / C95400 yog hu ua aluminium bronze vim nws yog ua los ntawm 11% txhuas ntxiv rau 85% tooj liab thiab 4% hlau. MTEK 83-7-7-3/C93200 yog cov hlau lead tin bronze vim nws muaj 7% tin thiab 7% txhuas ntxiv rau 83% tooj liab thiab 3% zinc. Cov piv txwv no ua tau raws li cov qauv ntawm ib lub bronze. Lub ntsiab alloying tseem ceeb tsis yog zinc lossis npib tsib xee, thiab nws cov lus hloov kho tag nrho piav qhia txog cov alloys raws li muaj ntau ntawm txhuas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhuas bronze thiab txhuas thiab tin nyob rau hauv siab lead-tin bronze. Nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm tooj dag thiab tooj liab tsim, peb cov kev sib tham yuav raug txwv ntau rau cov tsev neeg bronze alloys. Bronze alloys yog tshwj xeeb haum rau ntau hom kev lag luam.

Q: Dab tsi lwm yam tooj liab Alloys muaj dua li cov tooj dag thiab tooj liab?

A: Aluminium Bronze

Aluminium bronzes yog ib tsev neeg ntawm cov hlau alloys uas muaj txhuas ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov alloying. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv kuj tseem muaj hlau thiab npib tsib xee. Aluminium ho ntxiv rau cov khoom siv alloy mus rau qhov chaw uas nws lub zog zoo li qhov nruab nrab carbon steel. Aluminium bronzes muaj ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb.

Cov ntawv thov pib feem ntau yog los ntawm lub zog thiab corrosion-resistant khoom ntawm cov khoom. Kev lees paub ntawm lwm yam khoom coj mus rau kev siv cov txhuas bronzes rau ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog, tsis kam hnav thiab galling, thiab tsis tshua muaj hlau nplaum permeability. Lwm cov nta muaj xws li tiv thaiv cavitation, yaig, softening, thiab oxidation ntawm siab kub. Cov khoom no, ua ke nrog kev yooj yim ntawm weldability, tau txuas ntxiv lawv cov kev siv.

Muaj qee pawg loj hauv tsev neeg Aluminium Bronze: Aluminium Bronze thiab Nickel Aluminium Bronze. Aluminium Bronze muaj kwv yees li 9-14% txhuas thiab 4% hlau thaum Nickel Aluminium Bronze muaj kwv yees li 9-11% txhuas, 4% hlau, thiab 5% npib tsib xee. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm npib tsib xee tom kawg ntxiv txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom uas twb muaj zog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no.

Ua teb rau kev kho cua sov tso cai rau cov alloys hauv pawg no nrog tsawg dua 10% txhuas kom muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev rau kev siv hauv qhov chaw nruj heev. Alloys nrog aluminium ntsiab lus tshaj 12% muaj zog compressive zoo heev thiab zoo heev los tiv thaiv cov yam ntxwv. Cov khoom no tsim cov alloys zoo tagnrho rau kev sib sib zog nqus kos duab thiab tsim cov hlau stainless. Tsis tas li ntawd, pawg bronzes no muaj cov cuab yeej siv siab thiab siv rau lub zog, hnav daim hlau, kev siv corrosion-resistant, bearings, qog, thiab cov khoom siv.

Qee yam Aluminium Bronzes suav nrog: MTEK 125 / C95200, MTEK 175 / C95400, MTEK 275 / C95900 thiab MTEK 375.

Nickel Txhuas Bronze

Cov pab pawg no ntawm cov alloys muaj cov npib tsib xee thiab feem ntau yog xaiv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub zog siab, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab tiv thaiv cavitation thiab yaig puas yuav tsum tau. Lawv muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv dej hiav txwv. Lawv ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo vim tsis kam rau pitting thiab crevice corrosion yog superior rau ntawm 300 series stainless hlau. Cov alloys muaj zog tshaj 300 series stainless hlau.

Alloys ntawm ob tsev neeg txhuas bronze thiab cov npib tsib xee txhuas bronze tsev neeg muaj zoo heev machinability, yog yooj yim weldable, thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog ntau lwm yam sib txawv. Qhov no versatility tso cai rau lawv siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv.

Hom alloys hauv pawg no suav nrog: MTEK 230/C95500 thiab MTEK 230-N/C95800.

Tin Bronze

Cov pab pawg no ntawm cov alloys muaj tooj liab nrog lub ntsiab alloying tseem ceeb yog tin. Lub xub ntiag ntawm tin muab cov khoom siv kho tshuab siab ntawm tus nqi siab dua hlau. Cov tin bronzes siab, txawm li cas los xij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau qee cov ntawv thov uas cov bronze kim kim tsis haum. Cov variations hauv chemistry, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntxiv ntawm cov hlau lead, feem ntau yog tsim los txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm machinability thiab siab nruj. Alloys nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg no tshwj xeeb yog resistant rau corrosion los ntawm tej yam ntaub ntawv.

Feem ntau, cov hlau no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li cov kabmob ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj plaws txog 500 degree F / 260 degree thiab loads ntawm 4000 lbs. ib square inch. Cov kabmob ntawm cov alloys no, txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua tib zoo ua kom zoo thiab zoo lubricated, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau ua cov shafts nyuaj dua li ua cov bronzes siab.

Tin bronze alloys tsis tu ncua siv rau hauv cov khoom hnyav / cov kev pabcuam qis qis, xws li lawv yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub neej ntev hauv cov khoom hnyav. Lawv yog siv rau piston pin bushings, valve guides, dov zeb bearings, worm bearings, pilot bearings, thiab linkage bushings rau lub tshuab cuab tam kev lag luam. Lawv kuj tseem siv tau rau cov khoom siv fais fab, lub twj tso kua mis impellers, thiab cov nplhaib foob.

Qee qhov nrov alloys hauv pawg tin bronze yog: MTEK Tin Bronze / C90500, MTEK 65 / C90700, Navy G 1% Lead / C92300, MTEK 87-11-0-1 / C92500, thiab MTEK Leaded Tin Bronze / C92700.

High Lead Tin Bronze (Bearing Bronze)

Plaub alloys teev hauv qab no muaj cov txhuas hauv qhov ntau txog 25%. Lawv yog ib pawg neeg sawv cev ntawm cov hlau lead tin bronzes feem ntau dav siv rau cov bearings thiab bushings. Lawv lub peev xwm thauj khoom sib txawv ncaj qha nrog lawv cov ntsiab lus tin. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov muaj me me ntawm lwm cov hlau alloying xws li npib tsib xee thiab phosphorus. Lead nyob rau hauv cov hlau yog insoluble thiab yog finely dispersed mechanically nyob rau hauv lub tooj liab-tin matrix. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no ua rau muaj peev xwm nqa tau zoo thiab muaj zog vim yog cov ntsiab lus tooj liab-tin thiab muab lubricity, conformability, thiab embeddability vim cov hlau lead dawb uas khov rau hauv cov hlau.

Cov alloys no yog cov kabmob zoo tshaj plaws thaum tag nrho cov khoom thiab cov nqi raug txiav txim siab. Lawv txawv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub ntawm 450 degree F / 230 degree thiab load peev xwm ntawm 4, 000 lbs. ib square inch rau cov uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws tin kom siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub ntawm 400 degree F / 200 degree thiab load peev ntawm 3,500 lbs. ib square inch rau cov qis tshaj hauv cov ntsiab lus tin.

Cov kabmob bronzes hauv tsev neeg no yog: MTEK 83-7-7-3/C93200, MTEK 80-10-10/C93700, MTEK 79-6-15 Hi Lead/C93900, thiab MTEK 943/C94300.

Bearium alloys

Rau ntau tshaj 60 xyoo, Bearium® Hlau tau raug xaiv rau kev ua tau zoo raws li kev ua haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws. Cov no yog cov hlau lead tin bronze alloys uas muaj nkauj xwb tooj liab, tin, thiab tshwj xeeb ua cov hlau lead. Bearium® hlau tuaj yeem siv tau qhov twg lwm cov khoom siv bearing yuav ua tsis tau vim qhov nrawm, thauj khoom, kub, lossis qhov chaw lubrication nyuaj, ua tsis tau, lossis tsuas yog tsis saib xyuas.

Muaj plaub qib muaj, B-4, B-8, B-10, B-11. B-4 muaj cov ntsiab lus txhuas siab tshaj plaws thiab yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. B-11 muaj cov ntsiab lus txhuas qis tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv thaum lub zog siab tseem ceeb dua.

Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ib leeg tsis piav qhia txog kev sib txhuam zoo tshaj plaws hauv Bearium Hlau. Qhov kev ua tau zoo siab kuj tseem yog qhov kev ntsuas zoo rau kev ua cov khoom xyaw siv. Qhov no ua rau cov qauv metallurgical zoo dua li pom hauv lwm cov khoom siv kabmob txawm tias lawv yuav muaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke.

Muaj plaub qib ntawm Bearium® alloys. Thawj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qhab nia yog qhov muaj cov hmoov txhuas. Bearium®B-4 muaj 26% txhuas, B-8 muaj 22%, B-10 muaj 20%, thiab B-12 muaj 18% txhuas.

Manganese tooj liab

Tsev neeg ntawm Manganese Bronzes feem ntau paub txog nws lub zog siab heev thiab nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv cov teebmeem corrosive ntawm seawater thiab brine. Tensile zog xws li 60, 000 psi mus rau 110, 000 psi yog nkag tau yooj yim nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov alloy xaiv. Kev saib xyuas zoo yuav tsum tau ua thaum siv cov alloys li bearings vim manganese bronze thiab hlau tsis hnav zoo ua ke. Hnav yog ceev, thiab nyob rau hauv siab loads thiab ceev, qaug dab peg tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Alignment yuav tsum tau meej thiab zoo lubrication yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Ob qho txhuas bronze thiab manganese bronzes yuav tsum tau kaw cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm. Ob pawg ntawm cov alloys tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov me me ntawm impurities, yog li kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev huv hauv cov txheej txheem melting yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov twg alloys ntawm tin bronze, siab leaded tin bronze, manganese bronze, thiab txhuas bronzes yog poured, kaw sab hauv thiab kev qhuab qhia yog tsim nyog.

Manganese bronzes yog siv rau trunnion bearings, hnyav hnyav zog, gearshift diav rawg, impellers, marine propellers, valve stems, cab iav, thiab worms. Nws kuj yog siv rau cov tshuab ua haujlwm siab heev.

Hom manganese bronzes yog: MTEK Hi Tensile/C86300, MTEK Leaded Manganese/C86400, MTEK Tsawg Tensile/C86500, thiab MTEK Med Tensile/C86200.

Q: Dab tsi ntawm Copper Alloys muaj?

A: Cov tooj liab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam ntshiab tooj liab, uas feem ntau yog mos thiab ductile, muaj txog li ntawm 0.7% tag nrho impurities. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog siv rau lawv cov hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity, corrosion kuj, tsos thiab xim, thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Lawv muaj lub siab tshaj plaws conductivity ntawm engineering hlau thiab yog heev ductile thiab yooj yim rau braze, thiab feem ntau rau welding. Cov ntawv thov muaj xws li hluav taws xob thaiv thiab fittings, busbars, tshav kub exchangers, ru tsev, phab ntsa cladding, hlab rau dej, huab cua thiab txheej txheem cov khoom.

High tooj liab alloys muaj me me ntawm ntau yam alloying ntsiab xws li beryllium, chromium, zirconium, tin, nyiaj, sulfur los yog hlau. Cov ntsiab lus no hloov kho ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab, xws li lub zog, nkag siab, machinability lossis weldability. Feem ntau ntawm kev siv yog zoo ib yam li cov uas tau muab los saum toj no rau cov tooj liab, tab sis cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov yog qhov hnyav dua.

Brasses yog tooj liab zinc alloys uas muaj txog li 45% zinc, nrog tej zaum me me ntxiv ntawm txhuas rau machinability, thiab tin rau lub zog. tooj liab zinc alloys yog ib theem txog li 37% zinc nyob rau hauv wrought mob. Ib theem alloys muaj ductility zoo heev, thiab feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub txias ua hauj lwm mob kom zoo zog. Alloys nrog ntau tshaj li ntawm 37% zinc yog dual theem, thiab muaj zog dua, tab sis txwv ductility ntawm chav tsev kub piv rau ib theem alloys. Ob theem brasses feem ntau yog cam khwb cia lossis kub ua haujlwm. Cov khoom siv rau cov tooj dag yog cov khoom siv kos duab, kos & spun ntim thiab cov khoom siv, lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov ntsaws thiab lub teeb fittings, cov xauv, qhov rooj tuav, npe daim hlau, cov khoom siv kav dej, fasteners, cartridge case, lub tog raj kheej liner rau cov twj.

Bronzes yog alloys ntawm tooj liab nrog tin, ntxiv rau tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm phosphorus, aluminium, silicon, manganese thiab npib tsib xee. Cov alloys no tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog siab, ua ke nrog zoo corrosion kuj. Lawv yog siv rau springs thiab fixtures, hlau sib sau tuag, bearings, bushes, terminals, hu thiab connectors, architectural fittings thiab nta. Kev siv cam khwb cia bronze rau statuary yog paub zoo.

Tooj npib tsib xee yog alloys ntawm tooj liab nrog npib tsib xee, nrog ib tug me me ntawm cov hlau thiab tej zaum lwm yam me me alloying ntxiv xws li chromium los yog tin. Cov alloys muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv dej, thiab yog siv ntau nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv daim ntaub ntawv xws li tshav kub exchangers, condensers, twj tso kua mis thiab piping systems, sheathing rau nkoj hulls.

Nickel silvers muaj 55 - 65% tooj liab alloyed nrog npib tsib xee thiab zinc, thiab qee zaum ntxiv cov hlau lead los txhawb kev ua haujlwm. Cov alloys tau txais lawv lub npe yuam kev los ntawm lawv cov tsos, uas zoo ib yam li cov nyiaj ntshiab, txawm tias lawv tsis muaj nyiaj ntxiv. Lawv yog siv rau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov npe daim hlau thiab ua lub hauv paus rau cov nyiaj phaj (EPNS), xws li springs, fasteners, npib, cov yawm sij thiab lub koob yees duab qhov chaw.

Q: Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Copper Alloys?

A: Kev coj ua. Tooj liab yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv thermal thiab hluav taws xob tshaj plaws muaj. Qhov no ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev siv hauv hluav taws xob thaiv thiab kev sib txuas.

Lub zog. Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, tooj liab yog malleable, uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau tsim rau hauv xov hlau los yog ntaus rau hauv nyias daim ntawv rau cladding. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tin, npib tsib xee, thiab lwm yam hlau yuav pab tsim cov tooj liab alloys uas muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua.

Formability. Copper's malleability tso cai rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me thiab cov xov hlau tsis muaj kev kho cua sov. Rau cov ntawv thov hnyav, cov alloys tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog ntawm tooj liab thaum tuav nws cov khoom txias txias.

Koom nrog. Ntshiab tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys yog ib qho yooj yim rau solder thiab braze, cia lawv mus ntxuav nrog lwm yam hlau. Nws formability ntxiv ua rau tooj liab thiab nws cov alloys yooj yim rau rivet, bolt, thiab crimp.

Corrosion. Tooj liab thiab nws cov alloys nthuav tawm tshwj xeeb corrosion tsis kam rau ya raws, dej ntsev, thiab ntau yam tshuaj.

Antimicrobial. Uncoated Copper muaj peev xwm tua tau txog 99.9% ntawm qee cov kab mob hauv ob teev tom qab raug.

Xim. Tooj liab cov xim zoo nkauj tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm lwm cov hlau los tsim cov xim xws li kub thiab tooj liab mus rau cov nyiaj ci ci thiab matte grey.

Q: Yuav ua li cas xaiv Copper Alloys?

A: Hluav taws xob conductivity: tooj liab muaj lub siab tshaj plaws conductivity ntawm engineering hlau. Nyiaj los yog lwm yam ntsiab lus yuav muab ntxiv kom muaj zog, softening kuj los yog lwm yam khoom uas tsis muaj loj conductivity.

Thermal conductivity: cov khoom no zoo ib yam li hluav taws xob conductivity. Alloys ntawm tooj liab yuav siv tau rau cov cuab yeej no, qhov zoo corrosion kuj compensates rau poob ntawm conductivity nrog nce alloying.

Xim thiab tsos: ntau ntawm cov tooj liab alloys muaj xim txawv, uas yuav hloov raws li cov khoom huab cua. Rau feem ntau ntawm cov alloys nws yog ib qho yooj yim los npaj thiab tswj qhov saum npoo mus rau tus qauv siab, txawm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo corrosion. Ntau yam ntawm cov alloys yog siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj, xws li nyob rau hauv lawv cov keeb kwm los yog tom qab hlau plating. Cov alloys muaj cov xim tshwj xeeb, xws li liab salmon liab ntawm tooj liab los ntawm daj, kub thiab ntsuab mus rau tsaus bronze nyob rau hauv huab cua. Atmospheric raug yuav ua tau ib tug ntsuab los yog bronze nto, thiab prepatinated alloys muaj nyob rau hauv ib co khoom cov ntaub ntawv.

Q: Cov txheej txheem twg tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tawv tooj liab alloys?

A: Muaj plaub txoj hauv kev los ua kom muaj zog (txhim kho) tooj liab. Ib qho thib tsib, spinodal muaj pes tsawg leeg, tam sim no siv kev lag luam tsuas yog hauv qee cov tooj liab-nickel-tin alloys. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxiv dag zog feem ntau yog siv los muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua hauv cov tooj liab alloys siab.

Hnyav Hardening. Daim ntawv thov kev ua haujlwm txias, feem ntau yog dov lossis kos duab, hardens tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys. Lub zog, hardness thiab springiness nce, thaum ductility txo. Conductivity yog txo mus rau ib qho me me, feem ntau tsis yog rau qhov uas nws cuam tshuam kev siv cov alloys hauv cov khoom hluav taws xob. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm annealing, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho conductivity rov qab. Strin hardening yog tib lub zog ntxiv uas tuaj yeem siv nrog cov tooj liab ntshiab.

Solid-Solution Hardening. Alloying ntsiab uas tseem yaj nyob rau hauv solidified tooj liab ntxiv dag zog rau lub lattice qauv. Yog hais tias qhov sib ntxiv yog nyob rau hauv qhov txwv ntawm lub caij cov khoom solubility, tsis muaj daim ntawv thib ob theem, thiab cov tsos nyob rau hauv lub microscope zoo ib yam li cov ntshiab tooj liab.

Tag nrho cov yaj ntxiv rau tooj liab txo cov hluav taws xob conductivity, ua kom qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog tau txais thiab cov conductivity poob yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm conductivity nws txawv ntawm lub caij mus rau lub caij. Cadmium ntxiv, piv txwv li, cuam tshuam rau cov conductivity tsawg, thaum lwm tus, xws li phosphorus, tin thiab zinc, muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm txias tuaj yeem siv los ua kom muaj zog tshaj qhov txwv ntawm cov khoom sib zog hardening, thiab ob lub zog ntxiv yog nquag siv ua ke.

Cov nag lossis daus Hardening. Qee cov ntsiab lus alloying muaj ntau dua solubility hauv cov khoom tooj liab thaum kub dua thaum txias. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem yaj los ntawm kev daws teeb meem (kev daws teeb meem) ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nyob ib puag ncig 950-1000 degree, thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm los ntawm kev daws los ntawm nag lossis daus (lossis "aging") kev kho mob ntawm qhov kub qis, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 1200 degree F (650). degree). Qhov kev coj ua no ua rau cov dej nag zoo thoob plaws hauv cov hlau uas ntxiv dag zog rau cov matrix yam tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam cov conductivity. Qhov tseeb, conductivity txhim kho raws li precipitates tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj. Beryllium, chromium thiab zirconium yog cov piv txwv ntawm hom kev ntxiv no. Kev sib xyaw ntawm nickel nrog silicon lossis phosphorus kuj tseem siv tau.

Dispersion Strengthening. Cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo lossis cov khoom tsis zoo kuj tuaj yeem raug faib ua kom zoo hauv cov tooj liab matrix los ntawm metallurgical, mechanical lossis chemical txhais tau tias, piv txwv li, tsis tas yuav mus rau kev kho cua sov. Ua insoluble, cov khoom muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau hluav taws xob conductivity.

Q: Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm Copper Alloys?

A: Muaj zog

Copper alloys yog, tej zaum saum toj no tag nrho, muaj zog heev thiab ruaj khov. Thaum koj muab lawv tso rau hauv cov khoom lossis cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsis tas txhawj txog lawv yuav tuav li cas. Lawv yuav sawv qhov kev sim ntawm lub sijhawm thiab txuas ntxiv ua rau koj zoo rau yav tom ntej.

Zoo hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity

Nrhiav ib qho alloy uas muab koj zoo hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity? Saib tsis muaj ntxiv dua li tooj liab alloys, uas paub txog qhov zoo thaum nws los txog rau ob qho no. Muaj qee cov tooj liab alloys uas zoo dua rau kev tuav hluav taws xob thiab cua sov dua li lwm tus. Tab sis zuag qhia tag nrho, koj yuav pom tias tooj liab alloys ib txwm xa hauv chav haujlwm hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity.

Ductile

Koj tuaj yeem tau txais koj txhais tes ntawm tooj liab alloys uas tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom sib txawv. Qhov no yog vim feem ntau ntawm qhov tseeb tias tooj liab alloys muaj cov ductility uas tso cai rau lawv los ua ntau txoj hauv kev yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub zog.

Heev tiv taus corrosion

Yog tias koj yuav siv tooj liab alloys hauv cov khoom uas yuav muab tso rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv kom tiv taus corrosion. Koj yuav pom sai sai tias cov tooj liab alloys muaj ntau tshaj li npaj tau los sawv ntsug rau txhua qhov kev sib tw vim lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Koj yuav tsis tas txhawj txog cov tooj liab alloys succumbing rau cov kab mob uas lawv yuav ntsib hauv qee qhov chaw.

Q: Dab tsi yog koj cov lus qhia tu rau Copper Alloys?

A: Qee lub sij hawm, kev tu thiab ci ntsa iab tooj liab zoo li kev kos duab ntau dua li kev tshawb fawb. Kev hloov me ntsis hauv koj cov txheej txheem lossis chemistry tuaj yeem tsim cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv. Hloov tawm koj cov ntxhia kua qaub ntxuav rau cov organic tuaj yeem pab koj txiav cov voj voog yaug, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab ua kom koj cov txheej txheem kho cov khib nyiab hauv tsev. Nov yog li cas.

Kev sib tw nrog kev tu cov tooj liab alloys nrog cov ntxhia acids.

Mineral acids xav tau ntau cov kauj ruam yaug. Thaum koj ntxiv cov kauj ruam rau ib qho txheej txheem, lub caij nyoog koj yuav ua yuam kev nce. Yog li ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob. Cov kauj ruam yaug ntxiv kuj ua rau nws nyuaj dua los tuav cov kua dej huv.

Mineral acids muaj kev phom sij. Lawv tsis ruaj khov, muab cov pa phem tawm, thiab tuaj yeem ntxiv cov plua plav rau huab cua uas tsim kev puas tsuaj rau koj cov neeg ua haujlwm. Chelators thiab phosphates pollute dej khib nyiab thiab xav kom koj kho nws tawm ntawm qhov chaw, nce nqi.

Mineral acids tuaj yeem mus deb dhau. Mineral acids muaj zog heev. Tsis muaj chaw me me rau kev ua yuam kev thaum tu thiab ci ntsa iab tooj liab alloys nrog cov ntxhia acids. Feem ntau, qhov no ua rau over-etching thiab xav tau rov ua dua koj cov khoom.

Kev nyab xeeb, kev daws teeb meem yooj yim dua yog siv cov khoom siv methane sulfonic acid.

Organic acids yog lwm txoj kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntxhia acids. Lawv yog cov deoxidation zoo heev, yog li hloov koj cov ntxhia acid nrog cov organic yuav tsis txi zoo. Tab sis cov organic acids muaj kev nyab xeeb dua los daws thiab muab cov pa tawm tsawg dua li cov ntxhia acids ua. Organic acids kuj muaj kev zam txim ntau dua thaum lub sij hawm thov, uas txhais tau hais tias koj yuav txo tau txoj hauv kev uas koj yuav tau rov ua dua qhov chaw.

Q: Dab tsi yog cov alloys ntawm tooj liab?

A: Cov tsev neeg uas paub zoo tshaj plaws tooj liab alloy yog tooj dag (tooj liab-zinc), bronze (tooj liab-tin) thiab tooj liab-nickel. Cov no sawv cev rau cov tsev neeg ntawm cov alloys, txhua tus ua los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb alloying.

Q: Dab tsi yog qhov siab ntawm tooj liab alloys?

A: Cov tsev neeg muaj tooj liab siab muaj xws li, hauv cov ntawv wrought, cadmium tooj liab (C16200 thiab C16500), beryllium tooj liab (C17000-C17500), chromium tooj liab (C18100-C18400), zirconium tooj liab (C15000). ), chromium-zirconium tooj liab (C14500) thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov no thiab lwm yam.

Q: Dab tsi yog tooj liab alloys thiab nws siv?

A: Copper alloys tseem siv tau rau cov kabmob, lub zog thiab cov lus qhia valve, radiators, hydraulic tubing, thiab fasteners. Me me, machined Cheebtsam yuav ua tau pheej yig dua nyob rau hauv tooj dag dua nyob rau hauv steel, thiab, rau automotive daim ntaub ntawv, feem ntau tsis xav tau kim tiv thaiv corrosion.

Q: Puas yog tooj liab alloy tooj liab?

A: Thaum tooj liab yog cov hlau ntshiab, tooj dag thiab tooj liab yog tooj liab alloys ( tooj dag yog kev sib xyaw ntawm tooj liab thiab zinc; bronze yog kev sib xyaw ntawm tooj liab thiab tin).

Peb paub zoo tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab alloys nyob hauv Suav teb. Peb sov siab txais tos koj mus yuav los yog lag luam wholesale siab zoo tooj liab alloys hauv Tshuag ntawm no thiab tau txais cov qauv dawb los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Rau nqe kev sab laj, tiv tauj peb.